along the surface or up from below: just as winds are the causes of waves and not waves of winds. Else we might as well say that earth was the cause; for it is upset in an earthquake, just like water (for effusion is a form of upsetting). No,Ralph Lauren Kortärmade skjortor, earth and water are material causes (being patients,Mężczyźni Barbour A7 Brass Kurtka, not agents): the true cause is the wind.
The combination of a tidal wave with an earthquake is due to the presence of contrary winds. It occurs when the wind which is shaking the earth does not entirely succeed in driving off the sea which another wind is bringing on,Maillot Sergio Ramos Pas Cher, but pushes it back and heaps it up in a great mass in one place. Given this situation it follows that when this wind gives way the whole body of the sea,Chaussures New Balance 890, driven on by the other wind,Mężczyźni Barbour Rosamund Skóra Kurtka, will burst out and overwhelm the land. This is what happened in Achaea. There a south wind was blowing, but outside a north wind; then there was a calm and the wind entered the earth,Maillot Sturridge Pas Cher, and then the tidal wave came on and simultaneously there was an earthquake. This was the more violent as the sea allowed no exit to the wind that had entered the earth, but shut it in. So in their struggle with one another the wind caused the earthquake,Chaussures New Balance Minimus s, and the wave by its settling down the inundation.
Earthquakes are local and often affect a small district only; whereas winds are not local. Such phenomena are local when the evaporations at a given place are joined by those from the next and unite; this, as we explained, is what happens when there is drought or excessive rain locally. Now earthquakes do come about in this way but winds do not. For earthquakes, rains, and droughts have their source and origin inside the earth, so that the sun is not equally able to direct all the evaporations in one direction. But on the evaporations in the air the sun has more influence so that, when once they have been given an impulse by its motion, which is determined by its various positions,Chaussures Nike Air Shox TLX, they flow in one direction.
When the wind is present in sufficient quantity there is an earthquake. The shocks are horizontal like a tremor; except occasionally, in a few places, where they act vertically, upwards from below, like a throbbing. It is the vertical direction which makes this kind of earthquake so rare. The motive force does not easily accumulate in great quantity in the position required, since the surface of the earth secretes far more of the evaporation than its depths. Wherever an earthquake of this kind does occur a quantity of stones comes to the surface of the earth (as when you throw up things in a winnowing fan), as we see from Sipylus and the Phlegraean plain and the district in Liguria,Chaussures New Balance 1520, which were devastated by this kind of earthquake.
Islands in the middle of the sea are less exposed to earthquakes than those near land. First,Belstaff Kobiety Kurtki, the volume of the sea cools the evaporations and overpowers them by its weight and so crushes them. Then,Canada Goose Palliser Parka, currents and not shocks are produced in the sea by the action of the winds. Again,ASSE Pas Cher, it is so extensive that evaporations do not collect in it but issue from it, and these
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