l (for it must fall into some one of these classes). And since each of the sciences must somehow know the ‘what’ and use this as a principle, we must not fall to observe how the natural philosopher should define things and how he should state the definition of the essence-whether as akin to ‘snub’ or rather to ‘concave’. For of these the definition of ‘snub’ includes the matter of the thing, but that of ‘concave’ is independent of the matter; for snubness is found in a nose, so that we look for its definition without eliminating the nose, for what is snub is a concave nose. Evidently then the definition of flesh also and of the eye and of the other parts must always be stated without eliminating the matter.
Since there is a science of being qua being and capable of existing apart, we must consider whether this is to be regarded as the same as physics or rather as different. Physics deals with the things that have a principle of movement in themselves; mathematics is theoretical, and is a science that deals with things that are at rest, but its subjects cannot exist apart. Therefore about that which can exist apart and is unmovable there is a science different from both of these,Henrik Lundqvist Tröjor, if there is a substance of this nature (I mean separable and unmovable), as we shall try to prove there is. And if there is such a kind of thing in the world, here must surely be the divine,Patrik Laine Tröjor, and this must be the first and most dominant principle. Evidently,Kyle Brodziak Tröjor, then,Nazem Kadri Tröjor, there are three kinds of theoretical sciences-physics,Pierre Turgeon Tröjor, mathematics,Sidney Crosby Tröjor, theology. The class of theoretical sciences is the best, and of these themselves the last named is best; for it deals with the highest of existing things, and each science is called better or worse in virtue of its proper object.
One might raise the question whether the science of being qua being is to be regarded as universal or not. Each of the mathematical sciences deals with some one determinate class of things, but universal mathematics applies alike to all. Now if natural substances are the first of existing things, physics must be the first of sciences; but if there is another entity and substance,Dylan Larkin Tröjor, separable and unmovable, the knowledge of it must be different and prior to physics and universal because it is prior.
Book XI Chapter 8
Since ‘being’ in general has several senses, of which one is ‘being by accident’, we must consider first that which ‘is’ in this sense. Evidently none of the traditional sciences busies itself about the accidental. For neither does architecture consider what will happen to those who are to use the house (e.g. whether they have a painful life in it or not),Buty Jordan Retro 9, nor does weaving,Dylan Larkin Tröjor, or shoemaking, or the confectioner’s art,Menn Moncler Alpin, do the like; but each of these sciences considers only what is peculiar to it,Frederik Andersen Tröjor, i.e. its proper end. And as for the argument that ‘when he who is musical becomes lettered he’ll be both at once,PJS Dameklær Denali Dunjakker, not having been both before; and that which is, not always having been, must have come to be; therefore he must have at once become mu
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